Honourable Minister, the challenge before your ministry is clear: not to simplify Nigeria by erasing its tongues, but to imagine a modernity capacious enough to cultivate them. The wealth of this nation lies not only in oil or minerals, it’s in the hundreds of languages that name our rivers, mountains, stars and dreams, that hold our indigenous knowledge systems and ways of being. I do not pretend that this is an easy task. Nevertheless, your responsibility is not to retreat from complexity but to build the institutional will to manage it.
Ẹní bá sọ ilé nù so àpò ìyà kọ́. Whoever loses their home (language, ancestry, and identity) burdens themselves with unending suffering.
Dear Honourable Minister,
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I write as the publishing director of Cassava Republic Press, a global African publisher not only based in Abuja but deeply rooted in the cultural and intellectual life of this country. Your recent decision to scrap the 2022 National Language Policy, which had rightly established indigenous languages as the medium of instruction from early childhood through Primary Six, is a devastating moral and intellectual error. It re-opens the colonial wound in our education system and reaffirms the supremacy of English over the tongues that hold our being and thought in ancestry.
It is not a coincidence that the announcement of such magnitude was made at the 2025 “Language in Education International Conference,” organised by the British Council. With a mandate, established by its Royal Charter in 1940, to promote a wider knowledge of the UK and the English language abroad, the British Council is at the epicentre of the neo-imperial project of propagating and maintaining empire’s cultural dominance long after independence. This declaration symbolically handed back the hard-won sovereignty of Nigerian culture and knowledge systems to the very powers our ancestors struggled to free themselves from.
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Even your own name, Honourable Minister, Alausa, a Yoruba word meaning walnut, is layered with echoes that travel across Yoruba and Hausa histories, and it embodies the intertwined linguistic heritage your policy seeks to undo. To erase our languages is to erase the very texture of such rich meanings, and severe the threads that connect names, histories, and origins.
To argue then, a mere three years into an experiment of teaching our children in their mother tongues, that it is the reason for their poor performance in examination is not only false, but also a dangerous diagnosis. No pupil taught under it could yet have reached WAEC, NECO, or JAMB level, and any connection to such failure is, therefore, chronologically untenable. It mistakes the symptoms for the cause, and ignores decades of under-investment, corruption, poor teacher training, and historical and systemic neglect of the very languages that root our children in meaning and confidence.
To declare that teaching in the mother tongue has “destroyed” the education system is to deny centuries of empirical and philosophical evidence across the world. The renowned Kenyan writer and intellectual, Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o reminds us that “language exists as culture; it is the collective memory bank of a people’s experience in history.” To strip this away is to assert the supremacy of what his son, Mukoma Ngugi, would later call, “the English metaphysical empire” in a wilful refusal to decolonise our minds. This new policy subjects our children, once more, to that empire, alienating them from their linguistic homes before they can even name the world around them, letting them know that they and their language will always be lesser.
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Our Position as a Publisher
At Cassava Republic Press, we publish primarily in English. This is our reality within a global market logic shaped by colonial histories and current economics. Yet we do not mistake our medium for our mission. In our use of English, we are compelled to always ask: Whose voices are being silenced? Which imaginations and world-sense are being lost and erased? We have seen the glee on children’s faces when they open the two books we’ve published in Yoruba and Igbo, and recognise themselves, not as translation, but as origin. We have also witnessed the gratitude that fills the comments sections of short social media videos made by a younger generation eager to rediscover and relearn the sounds of home; the tongues of their being. These responses remind us that language is not only communication; it is what the novelist Alice Walker called, “the temple of my familiar,” where identity exhales and the imagination begins to believe itself possible. It is this belonging, memory, and pride made audible, that your policy denies.
We stand for the plurality of Nigerian expressions. We know that translation, not assimilation, is the future. The work of building an inclusive, creative, and prosperous Nigeria must begin with respect and cultivation of the languages in which Nigerians first know and encounter the world, and for many, it is simply not English.
Language, Violence and the Making of a Child
Every child deserves to begin education in the language they dream in. To force a six-year-old whose first language is Tiv, Ibibio, or Kanuri to learn arithmetic and science through English, a language they have not yet mastered, is to build their intellectual life on confusion, and more irreparably, to teach them that their own language holds no place in the empires of knowledge and meaning. Studies across Africa, and supported by UNESCO, have shown that children who learn foundational literacy and numeracy in their first language outperform their peers in later years when English or French is introduced gradually.
Your declaration deepens our already high inequalities. It privileges urban, middle class children with proficiency in English at home, and penalises millions of rural and indigenous language speakers. In a country of over 500 indigenous languages, where at least 29 are already extinct and more are endangered, this policy is not simply an error — it is an act of erasure, an epistemic violence, a clarion call for recolonisation. Each lost language takes with it a universe of knowledge, aesthetics and ethics. It is not too late to reverse your decision and continue the practice of decoloniality that your predecessor envisioned in 2022, only this time, commit to proper investment and consultation.
Cultural Confidence as Economic Strength
We are told this shift is necessary for “global competitiveness.” Yet history shows that no nation has achieved economic prosperity by first abandoning its linguistic identity. Countries such as Japan, Korea, Finland, and China, each built scientific and technological prowess on education in its mother tongue before acquiring English as a second tool, not as the master. Economic prosperity grows out of cultural confidence, not linguistic self-negation and immolation.
A child confident in their language is confident in thought and action. A nation secure in its languages speaks to the world from a position of authority and agency, not mimicry and plea. To equate English with intelligence and competitiveness is to continue measuring ourselves through our colonial masters. Prosperity will only come when Nigerian children can think, dream, and innovate first in the tongues that can pronounce their names with precision and affirmation.
The Moral and Global Framework
I invite the Minister to look at Nigeria’s obligations under the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
- SDG 4 calls for inclusive and equitable quality education. That means meeting learners where they are, in the languages they understand.
- SDG 10 demands the reduction of inequalities, yet this policy widens the gap between privileged English-speaking households and the majority whose first languages are indigenous.
- SDG 16 seeks inclusive societies, but inclusion cannot exist when a child’s first language is banished from the classroom.
Linguistic diversity is not a problem to be solved but a resource to be harnessed. Nigeria’s earlier education policy understood this truth: that early instruction in the language of the mother and community strengthens comprehension, confidence, and cognitive development. To abandon that vision while still in its infancy is to renounce progress in favour of expedience, and tacitly court invasion.
The Way Forward: Towards a Multilingual Future
I urge you to overturn this decision and to work toward a multilingual education framework that aligns with both the best global practice and local realities.
Such a framework would:
- Adopt bilingual instruction models where pupils begin learning in their indigenous language for the first three years, with English introduced gradually as a second language, and all formal examinations are in the language of instruction.
- Invest in teacher training and materials for indigenous language education, rather than discarding the policy due to logistical hurdles and the diversion of funds.
- Encourage regional collaboration to develop terminology and literacy in science, technology and social studies in major Nigerian languages.
- Protect minority languages through community-based education and documentation programmes.
- Establish clear metrics to evaluate outcomes rather than relying on weak unsubstantiated claims of failure.
Some will tell you that Nigeria’s linguistic diversity makes mother-tongue education impractical or expensive. Ignore them. There are other multilingual countries like Ethiopia and Tanzania who have built strong education systems by clustering local languages and teaching in the language of the immediate community, while introducing the official language gradually. Other African nations have done this with success. Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Rwanda all use indigenous or national languages in early education, while maintaining strong English proficiency later. Nigeria has the intellectual and linguistic capital to do the same. All that is needed is the political courage.
What is truly expensive is failure: the dropout and despair that come when children are taught in a language they do not understand. English-only education does not save money; it merely hides the cost of exclusion and low esteem.
Conclusion: The Stakes of Silence
Honourable Minister, the challenge before your ministry is clear: not to simplify Nigeria by erasing its tongues, but to imagine a modernity capacious enough to cultivate them. The wealth of this nation lies not only in oil or minerals, it’s in the hundreds of languages that name our rivers, mountains, stars and dreams, that hold our indigenous knowledge systems and ways of being. I do not pretend that this is an easy task. Nevertheless, your responsibility is not to retreat from complexity but to build the institutional will to manage it.
I urge you to reverse this policy, to convene broad consultations with linguists, educators, publishers, philosophers, and communities, and to craft a language-in-education policy that has proper investment and reflects the truth of who we are: many languages, one nation, one future.
With respect and resolve,
Bibi Bakare-Yusuf
Bibi Bakare-Yusuf is the founder and publishing director of Cassava Republic Press.
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